Mango varieties in Konkan region.
P.J.Kshirsagar’ A.A.Rane2,
R.G.Wagh3
G.M.Waghmare
Regional Fruit Research Station, Vengurle(416 516)
Introduction:
Mango
is the most popular fruit in India, and it is equally liked by both rich and poor. The
foremost reason for this is that, it is the only fruit which has flavour of all the
fruits. Area under this crop in the Konkan region is 1 lakh hectare out of which 0.23
lakh/ha area under only in Sindhudurg District and area and production in the district are
0.16 ha. Produced 0.50 lakh M.T that mean the average per ha production is 3.12 tonnes per
ha. The area under Sindhudurg District is 22681 ha. Produce 16236 MT mango fruits. Mango
is mainly cross pollinated as 65% of the perfect flowers are never `pollinated, indicating
that wind is not an effective pollinating agent (Singh 1982) insect plays most important
role in pollination (Singh 1996). It is found that more pollination and more fruit sets
take place in orchards where the different mango varieties have been planted in several
commercial cultivars in India. That is self-incompatibility occur in mango. (Narayan-Swamy
et al 1988, Rao et.al.1984, Sharma and Singh 1970).
Methodology:
The
important eight varieties of mango planted at the Regional Fruit Research Station,
Vengurle, Dist. Sindhudurg were selected from the orchard including Konkan Ruchi. The age
of the selected mango varieties is more than 20 years. While age of variety Sindhu is only
eight years. The yield and expenditure data were collected and analyzed from ten trees of
each variety from last four years i.e. 1996-1999. We surveyed the dealer, Co-operative
agencies of local market in the study area to determine the purchase price of different
mango cultivators from farmers.
Results and Discussion:
The
comparative economic performance in terms of net return, cost benefit ratio, etc are shown
in the table –1
Yield:
It is
found that during the given period of time from study area, the variety Konkan Ruchi which
is preferred for pickle purpose shows maximum yield of fruits 7100 kg/ha followed by
variety Pairi ( 5431 kg/ha), Kesar(5225 kg/ha). Goa mankur (5068 kg/ha), Dudhpeda(4050
kg/ha), Alphonso (3982 kg/ha), Ratna (3000 kg/ha), and variety Sindhu (1900 kg/ha) of
eight year of plants.
Prices:
In this
study area per kilogram prices of mango varieties are decided as per their keeping
qualities, sweetness and colour of the mango fruit consumption. The Alphonso mango fetches
highest prices in the local market i.e. average price is Rs. 15/- per kg. And minimum for
varieties like Kesar, Sindhu, Dudhpeda prices Rs. 10/kg. This is followed by Ratna
Rs.9/kg. Goa mankur Rs. 8/kg and variety Pairi Rs. 6/kg.
The
variety Alphonso valued maximum in terms of its total return i.e. Rs.59730/- per ha. The
total returns in Alphonso are found higher as compared to other varieties due to its
higher price. While the minimum per hectare total returns of Rs. 19,000/- is found in
variety Sindhu. This is because of the cv.Sindhu has been released and the plants of this
cultivar are young (8 years old plants.).
The
total returns in other varieties is Rs. 52250, Rs. 40544 Rs. 40500, Rs. 35500, Rs. 32580
and Rs. 27000 in the varieties Kasar, Goa mankur, Dudhpeda, Konkan Ruchi, Pairi and Ratna
respectively.
Cost
of Cultivation:
It
is observed from the table that per hectare total cost of cultivation was found maximum
for variety Alphonso Rs. 42124.50 as compared to other varieties of mango due to its more
care for its maintenance and costly cultural practices. In the studied varieties the
minimum total cost of cultivation is found in the variety Sindhu i.e. Rs.14737.50 while in
case of other varieties per hectare total cost of cultivation for variety Kesar is
Rs.28055.50 which is followed by variety Goa Mankur Rs. 25770.77, Dudhpeda 23922.20,
Konkan Ruchi Rs. 23758.55, Pairi Rs. 20456.30 and variety Ratna Rs. 18034.60.
Net
Returns:
The
variety Kesar having maximum net returns of Rs. 24194.50 per ha while it is found minimum
in variety Sindhu i.e. Rs. 4265.50 In case of other varieties the per hectare net returns
of Rs. 17605.50 in cv. Alphonso which is followed by Rs. 16577.80 in Dudhpeda, Rs.
14773.23 in Goa mankur, Rs. 12,129.70 in Pairi, Rs. 11741.45 in Konkan Ruchi and Rs.
8965.40 in cv.Ratna.
Benefit
Cost Ratio:
The
benefit cost ratio are found maximum in variety Kesar i.e. 1.86 while observe minimum in
variety Sindhu i.e. 1.28 and other varieties shows 1.69 in Dudhpeda which is followed by
Pairi 1.59, Goa mankur 1.57, Ratna 1.50, Konkan Ruchi 1.49 and cv. Alphonso 1.42
As per
the result shown in the table and cost benefit ratio, the Kesar is the most profitable
variety and preferred by the farmers due to its higher yield and higher net returns. The
cultivation of other varieties is also profitable. However for higher level of pollination
and fruit set it is advisable to have different mango varieties in the orchard for maximum
production and net returns.
Comparative
Economic performance of mango varieties in Sindhudurg District of Konkan region.
Table No. 1
Reference:
Narayan
Swami P.Thimmaraju, K.R. & N Sundar 1988, Effect of inner varietal crosses and open
pollination on fruit set in certain cultivars of mango, Acta Hort. 231:142-144
Randive
A.V.Book, Mango, The King of fruit Published by A.V.Randive
Rao
M.R.Rao, S.N. and R.M.Rama, 1984. Studies on flowering sex ratio and self compatibility of
important south Indian cultivars and hybrids of mango. India J. Hort. 41 (1-2) 58-61.
Sharma
D.K. & R.N Singh 1970. Self incompatibility in mango Hort. Res. 10-108-118
Singh
Gajendra 1996, Pollination, Pollination and fruit setting in mango, Acta Hort.
455-116=123.
Singh G
(1982). Insect pollination’s of mango and their role in fruit setting. Proceeding
second International Symposium on mango pp. 75.
Dist.Superintendent
Officer, Report March 1999. |
